Broad Recognition of Circulating HIV-1 by HIV-1-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes with Strong Ability to Suppress HIV-1 Replication

HIV-1-specific CTLs effectively suppress replication of HIV-1 in HIV-1-infected macrophages.

Both CD4+ T cells and macrophages are major reservoirs of HIV-1. Previous study showed that HIV-1-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) hardly recognize HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cells because of Nef-mediated HLA class I down-regulation, suggesting that HIV-1 escapes from HIV-1-specific CTLs and continues to replicate in HIV-1-infected donors. On the other hand, the CTL recognition of HIV-1-infec...

Strong ability of Nef - specific CD 4 + cytotoxic T cells to 1 suppress HIV - 1 replication in HIV - 1 - infected CD 4 + T 2 cells and macrophages 3 4 5

Determinants of HIV-1 Mutational Escape From Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes

CD8+ class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) usually incompletely suppress HIV-1 in vivo, and while analogous partial suppression induces antiretroviral drug-resistance mutations, epitope escape mutations are inconsistently observed. However, escape mutation depends on the net balance of selective pressure and mutational fitness costs, which are poorly understood and difficult to stud...

Antigen–specific release of β-chemokines by anti-HIV-1 cytotoxic T lymphocytes

A major advance in understanding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) biology was the discovery that the b-chemokines MIP-1a (macrophage inflammatory protein-1a), MIP-1b (macrophage inflammatory protein-1b) and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) inhibit entry of HIV-1 into CD4+ cells by blocking the critical interaction between the CCR5 coreceptor and the V3 do...

Oligoclonal expansion of HIV-specific cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes in the skin of HIV-1-infected patients with cutaneous pseudolymphoma.

A massive infiltration of the skin by activated CD8+ T lymphocytes involving both the dermis and the epidermis has been found in HIV-1-infected patients presenting with a chronic skin rash. We characterized the T cell receptor (TCR) BV-BJ junctional diversity of the skin-infiltrating lymphocytes (SILs) in four patients. The SILs expressed a limited set of TCRBV gene segments. Complementarity de...